Phytoconstituents Analysis by Gc-ms, Cardioprotective and Antioxidant Activity of Buchanania Axillaris against Doxorubicin-induced Cardio Toxicity in Albino Rats

Buchanania axillaries(Anacardiaceae) is a traditional herbal medicine , the leaves are used to treat many diseases including cardiotoxicity.’The present study was designed to scientifically evaluate the cardioprotective potential of the ethanol extract of Buchanania axillaries(BA), on Doxorubicin (DOX) induced cardiotoxicity, in albino rats. DOX is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer; however, its incidence of cardiotoxicity compromises its therapeutic index. DOX-induced heart failure is thought to be caused by reduction/oxidation cycling of DOX to generate oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte cell death. A Doxorubicin dose of 20 mg/kg was selected for the present study as this dose offered significant alteration in biochemical parameters and moderate necrosis in heart. Effect of BA oral treatment for 14 days at two doses (250 mg and 500 mg/kg body weight) was evaluated against DOXinduced cardiotoxicity. Significant cardiotoxicity, depletion of endogenous antioxidants and biochemical parameters were observed in DOX-treated animals when compared with the normal animals. The Pretreatment of DOXinduced rats with BA significantly prevented the altered biochemical variation such as marker enzymes (SGPT, SGOT, CPK, ALP and LDH), lipid profile (LDL, VLDL, TGs, HDL and Total cholesterol), and antioxidant parameters (SOD, GSH, CAT, GPx, MDA, and GR) to near normal status. Serum urea, and uric acid which increased on DOX administration, registered near normal values on pretreatment with BA. Histology of Dox-induced heart of rats pretreated with BA showed a significant recovery from cell damage. The present findings have demonstrated that the cardioprotective effects of BA in DOX-induced oxidative damage may be due to an augmentation of the endogenous antioxidants and inhibition of lipid peroxidation of cell membrane.